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Bromo volcano (East Java, Indonesia): increased unrest

Sun, 15 Nov 2015, 08:47 | BY: T
A phase of increased unrest seems to have started at the volcano. On 1 November, the local volcano observatory issued a warning not to approach Bromo within 1 km radius, as changes in seismic activity and increased steaming/degassing (including sulfur dioxide) had been noted.
The alert status of the volcano remains at 2 ("waspada","watch") on a scale of 1-4.

Previous news

Wed, 22 Jul 2015, 06:00

Tengger Caldera volcano (Eastern Java, Indonesia) - Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report for 22 July-28 July 2015 (Continuing Activity)

PVMBG reported that during 1 March-13 July white plumes from Tengger Caldera's Bromo cone rose as high as 100 m above the crater, and a sulfur dioxide odor was periodically noted at the Bromo observation post. Seismicity was dominated by tremor, but also included volcanic earthquakes. The Alert Level remained at 2 (on a scale of 1-4). ... Read all
Wed, 20 May 2015, 06:00

Tengger Caldera volcano (Eastern Java, Indonesia) - Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report for 20 May-26 May 2015 (Continuing Activity)

PVMBG reported that during 1 April-25 May white plumes from Tengger Caldera's Bromo cone rose 50 m above the crater. A sulfur dioxide odor was noted at the Bromo observation post. Seismicity was dominated by tremor, but also included volcanic earthquakes. ... Read all
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Background:

Gunung Bromo (Mount Bromo) volcano is a small, but active volcanic cinder cone on the Indonesian island of Java. Bromo is located in the center of the Sandsea Caldera, itself only a portion of the larger Tengger Caldera. The Sandsea caldera formed around 8,000 years ago, in what must have been a massive eruption. Subsequent volcanic activity formed the cluster of cinder cones in the caldera's center, including Bromo.
The historical record indicates eruptions of Bromo every few years since 1804, and geologic evidence indicates eruptions at least several hundred years earlier. The most recent eruption occured in 2004, and tragically killed two tourists.


The image above shows most of the Sandsea Caldera, along with Gunung Bromo and the older volcanoes on the caldera floor. A small plume of steam is visible rising out of Mt. Bromo. Space Imaging's IKONOS satellite, capable of 4-meter per-pixel color imagery, and 1-meter per-pixel resolution panchromatic imagery, acquired the data on July 8, 2001.


Bromo volcano
Stratovolcano 2329 m / 7,641 ft
East Java, Indonesia, -7.94°S / 112.95°E
Current status: restless (2 out of 5) Bromo volcano eruptions:
1804, 1815, 1820, 1822, 1825, 1829, 1830, 1835, 1842, 1843, 1844, 1856, 1857, 1858, 1858, 1859, 1860, 1865, 1865, 1866, 1867-68, 1877, 1885, 1885-86, 1886, 1886-87, 1888(?), 1890, 1893, 1896, 1906-07, 1907, 1907-08, 1909, 1910, 1915-16, 1921, 1922, 1928, 1930, 1935, 1939, 1940, 1948, 1950, 1955, 1956, 1972, 1980, 1983(?), 1983, 1984, 1995 (March-May), 1995 (Sep-Dec), 2000 (Nov)-2001 (Jan), 2004 (June), 2010 (Nov)-2011 (Jun) , 2015 (Nov)- 2016 (Nov), 2019 (Mar-Jul), 2020 (Dec), 2021 (Apr-Oct)
Typical eruption style
Explosive. Frequent small, phreatic eruptions at Bromo cinder cone on the bottom of the caldera.
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Zoom onto the cone of Bromo volcano (from the satellite image to the left).
Zoom onto the cone of Bromo volcano (from the satellite image to the left).
NASA space image of Bromo volcano, located inside the Tengger caldera.
NASA space image of Bromo volcano, located inside the Tengger caldera.
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